Kurgan, Kurgan Oblast
For other places with the same name, see Kurgan (disambiguation).
| Kurgan (English) Курган (Russian) | |
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| - City[1] - | |
 Kuybysheva Street in Kurgan | |
.svg.png) Location of Kurgan Oblast in Russia | |
  Kurgan | |
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| Administrative status (as of October 2014) | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Kurgan Oblast[1] |
| Administratively subordinated to | Kurgan City Under Oblast Jurisdiction[1] |
| Administrative center of | Kurgan Oblast,[1] Kurgan City Under Oblast Jurisdiction[1] |
| Municipal status (as of October 2014) | |
| Urban okrug | Kurgan Urban Okrug[2] |
| Administrative center of | Kurgan Urban Okrug[2] |
| Head |
Sergey Vladimirovich Rudenko (Сергей Владимирович Руденко) |
| Representative body | City Duma[3] |
| Statistics | |
| Area | 393 km2 (152 sq mi)[4] |
| Population (2010 Census) | 333,606 inhabitants[5] |
| - Rank in 2010 | 53rd |
| Density | 849/km2 (2,200/sq mi)[6] |
| Time zone | YEKT (UTC+05:00)[7] |
| Founded | 1679 |
| City status since | 1782 |
| Previous names | Tsaryovo Gorodishche (until 1782) |
| Postal code(s)[8] | 640ххх |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 3522 |
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| Kurgan on Wikimedia Commons | |
Kurgan (Russian: Курган; IPA: [kʊrˈgan]) is the city and the administrative center of Kurgan Oblast, Russia. Population: 333,606 (2010 Census);[5] 345,515 (2002 Census);[9] 355,517 (1989 Census).[10].
History
Kurgan in the 1850s
An urban settlement was established here between 1659 and 1662 as Tsaryovo Gorodishche (Царёво Городи́ще) by Timofey Nevezhin, a farmer from Tyumen. In the ensuing years it was developed as a fortress town. It served as a frontier post and its fortified position enabled it to defend other Russian settlements from nomad attacks. Nevertheless, it was itself not always able to withstand such attacks, and was sometimes plundered and burnt down.
The city was granted city privileges by the Empress Catherine the Great in 1782, which is when it acquired its present name and became the seat of an uyezd. The present name is taken from a large kurgan (burial mound) close to the original settlement.
Its coat of arms was granted on 17 March 1785, and it became the administrative center of Kurgan Oblast in 1943. Kurgan was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labour in 1982.
Administrative and municipal status
Kurgan is the administrative center of the oblast.[1] Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is incorporated as Kurgan City Under Oblast Jurisdiction—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, Kurgan City Under Oblast Jurisdiction is incorporated as Kurgan Urban Okrug.[2]
Economy and military
Kurgan stands on the Trans-Siberian Railway line, between Yekaterinburg and Omsk. It is served by two railway stations and the Kurgan Airport, and it was home to the Kurgan West air base during the Cold War. It is also home to Russian Ilizarov Scientific Center for Restorative Traumatology and Orthopaedics, KAvZ autobus plant, and the machine building company Kurganmashzavod which produces the widely known BMP-1, BMP-2 and BMP-3 infantry fighting vehicles.
Climate
Kurgan has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dfb).
| Climate data for Kurgan | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 4.3 (39.7) |
6.0 (42.8) |
17.3 (63.1) |
31.3 (88.3) |
36.6 (97.9) |
38.5 (101.3) |
40.5 (104.9) |
38.5 (101.3) |
34.5 (94.1) |
23.8 (74.8) |
14.2 (57.6) |
5.8 (42.4) |
40.5 (104.9) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −11 (12) |
−9.3 (15.3) |
−1.3 (29.7) |
10.5 (50.9) |
19.2 (66.6) |
24.8 (76.6) |
25.9 (78.6) |
23.2 (73.8) |
16.6 (61.9) |
8.5 (47.3) |
−2.8 (27) |
−9.1 (15.6) |
7.9 (46.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −15.2 (4.6) |
−14.2 (6.4) |
−6.5 (20.3) |
4.6 (40.3) |
12.6 (54.7) |
18.4 (65.1) |
19.8 (67.6) |
17.2 (63) |
10.9 (51.6) |
3.9 (39) |
−6.4 (20.5) |
−12.9 (8.8) |
2.7 (36.9) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −19.2 (−2.6) |
−18.6 (−1.5) |
−11.1 (12) |
−0.5 (31.1) |
6.5 (43.7) |
12.1 (53.8) |
14.0 (57.2) |
11.8 (53.2) |
6.1 (43) |
0.2 (32.4) |
−9.8 (14.4) |
−16.8 (1.8) |
−2.1 (28.2) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −47.9 (−54.2) |
−47.9 (−54.2) |
−44.3 (−47.7) |
−27.2 (−17) |
−17.1 (1.2) |
−3.5 (25.7) |
3.0 (37.4) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
−7.7 (18.1) |
−24.8 (−12.6) |
−38.8 (−37.8) |
−46.4 (−51.5) |
−47.9 (−54.2) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 19 (0.75) |
12 (0.47) |
14 (0.55) |
18 (0.71) |
39 (1.54) |
52 (2.05) |
54 (2.13) |
54 (2.13) |
42 (1.65) |
31 (1.22) |
26 (1.02) |
22 (0.87) |
383 (15.08) |
| Average rainy days | 1 | 1 | 4 | 10 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 17 | 18 | 14 | 6 | 2 | 120 |
| Average snowy days | 23 | 18 | 14 | 6 | 2 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 17 | 21 | 111 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 82 | 80 | 78 | 66 | 59 | 63 | 69 | 72 | 74 | 77 | 81 | 81 | 74 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 72 | 118 | 185 | 237 | 279 | 306 | 300 | 251 | 180 | 109 | 69 | 56 | 2,162 |
| Source #1: Pogoda.ru.net[11] | |||||||||||||
| Source #2: NOAA (sun, 1961–1990)[12] | |||||||||||||
Educational facilities
Kurgan Philarmony
- Agricultural academy
- Kurgan State University
- Kurgan International University
- Military Academy
- Railroad Academy
- Various theaters
- Academy of Labor and Social Relations
Notable people
- Oleg Bogomolov (born 1950), governor of Kurgan Oblast
- Dmitri Bushmanov (born 1978), association football player
- Maxim Fadeev (born 1968), singer-songwriter, composer and producer
- Gavriil Ilizarov (1921–1992), physician
- Vyacheslav Kamoltsev (born 1971), association football player
- Larisa Korobeynikova (born 1987), fencer
- Evgeni Krasilnikov (1965–2014), volleyball player
- Leonid Krasin (1870–1926), politician and diplomat
- Ivan Kurpishev (born 1969), powerlifter
- Dmitri Loskov (born 1974), association football player
- Aleksey Markovsky (born 1957), swimmer
- Yana Romanova (born 1983), biathlete
- Sergei Rublevsky (born 1974), chess grandmaster
- Yulia Savicheva (born 1987), singer
- Alexander Solonik (1960–1997), hitman
- Elena Temnikova (born 1985), singer
- Sergei Teryayev (born 1994), professional ice hockey defenceman
- Alexander Vinogradov (1930–2011), journalist and writer
- Sergey Vinogradov (1958–2010), journalist, translator, and writer
International relations
Main article: List of twin towns and sister cities in Russia
Twin towns and sister cities
Kurgan is twinned with:
References
Notes
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Law #316
- 1 2 3 Law #419
- ↑ КУРГАНСКАЯ ГОРОДСКАЯ ДУМА (из Устава города Кургана)
- ↑ "Паспорт муниципального образования Курганской области город Курган". Официальный сайт муниципального образования город Курган. Archived from the original on 2012-11-03. Retrieved 2012-10-28. External link in
|publisher=(help) - 1 2 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
- ↑ The value of density was calculated automatically by dividing the 2010 Census population by the area specified in the infobox. Please note that this value may not be accurate as the area specified in the infobox does not necessarily correspond to the area of the entity proper or is reported for the same year as the population.
- ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №271-ФЗ от 03 июля 2016 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #271-FZ of July 03, 2016 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
- ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (Russian)
- ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
- ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
- ↑ "Weather and Climate-The Climate of Kurgan" (in Russian). Weather and Climate. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
- ↑ "Kurgan Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
Sources
- Курганская областная Дума. Закон №316 от 27 декабря 2007 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Курганской области», в ред. Закона №60 от 2 июля 2015 г. «О внесении изменения в Закон Курганской области "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Курганской области"». Вступил в силу по истечении десяти дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Новый мир", Документы, выпуск №1, 11 января 2008 г. (Kurgan Oblast Duma. Law #316 of December 27, 2007 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Kurgan Oblast, as amended by the Law #60 of July 2, 2015 On Amending the Law of Kurgan Oblast "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Kurgan Oblast". Effective as of the day ten days after the official publication date.).
- Курганская областная Дума. Закон №419 от 6 июля 2004 г. «О наделении муниципальных образований статусом городского округа, муниципального района, сельского поселения, городского поселения, о месте нахождения представительных органов муниципальных районов, сельских поселений, об установлении наименований представительных органов муниципальных образований, глав муниципальных образований, местных администраций (исполнительно-распорядительных органов муниципальных образований)», в ред. Закона №70 от 2 июля 2015 г. «О внесении изменений в некоторые Законы Курганской области». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Новый мир", №142, 31 июля 2004 г. (Kurgan Oblast Duma. Law #419 of July 6, 2004 On Granting the Municipal Formations the Status of Urban Okrug, Municipal District, Rural Settlement, Urban Settlement; on Establishing the Places Where the Representative Organs of the Municipal Districts, Rural Settlements Sit; on Establishing the Names of the Representative Organs of the Municipal Formations, of the Heads of the Municipal Formations, of the Local Administrations (the Executive Organs of the Municipal Formations), as amended by the Law #70 of July 2, 2015 On Amending Various Laws of Kurgan Oblast. Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
External links
- Official website of Kurgan (Russian)
- Kurgan news portal (Russian)
- Сultural heritage of Kurgan (Russian)
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