List of GM transmissions
General Motors is an innovator of automatic transmissions, introducing the Hydra-Matic in 1940.[1] This list includes some GM transmissions.
Automatic transmissions
Early models
The GM Hydra-Matic was a success and installed in the majority of GM models by 1950. Through the 1950s, all makers were working on their own automatic transmission, with four more developed inside GM alone. All of GM's early automatic transmissions were replaced by variants of the Turbo-Hydramatic by the 1970s.
- 1940–1967 Hydra-Matic — Oldsmobile (now the trade name for all GM automatic transmissions)
- 1948–1963 Dynaflow — Buick
- 1950–1973 Powerglide — Chevrolet (also used by Pontiac and Holden)
- 1957–1961 Turboglide — Chevrolet (V8 models only, except Corvette)
- 1958–1959 Flightpitch — Buick
- 1961–1963 Dual Path Turbine Drive — Buick
- 1961–1964 Roto Hydramatic — Oldsmobile/Pontiac (also used by Holden)
- 1964–1969 Super Turbine 300 — Buick/Oldsmobile/Pontiac (Oldsmobile Jetaway)
- 1968–1969 Torquedrive — Chevrolet (manually shifted automatic, 6 cyl only)
- 1956-1964 4 speed Controlled coupling HydraMatic, also known as Cadillac 315 or P 315 HydraMatic, Oldsmobile Jetaway, Pontiac Super HydraMatic.
- TempestTorque, ( Pontiac) a two speed based on Powerglide, but having the added feature of " Split Torque " dividing the engine power between mechanical connection and the torque converter in high gear.
Turbo-Hydramatic
The Turbo-Hydramatic was used by all GM divisions, and formed the basis for the company's modern Hydramatic line. The basic rear-wheel drive Turbo-Hydramatic spawned two front-wheel drive variants, the transverse Turbo-Hydramatic 125, and the longitudinal Turbo-Hydramatic 425. A third variant was the light-duty rear wheel drive Turbo-Hydramatic 180 used in many European models.
- Heavy-duty rear wheel drive
- 1971–19?? 3L80HD (heavy duty version of TH400)
- Medium-duty rear wheel drive
- 1964–1992 Super Turbine 400/TH400/3L80
- 1969–1986 TH350/TH350C/TH375B/TH250/TH250C
- 1972–1976 TH375 — Light duty version of TH400
- 1976–1987 TH200/TH200C
- 1981–1990 TH200-4R
- 1982–1993 TH700R4/4L60
- Light-duty rear wheel drive
- 1969–1998 TH180/TH180C/3L30 — 3-speed European/Asian model. Also manufactured and used by Holden as the Trimatic transmission.
- Transverse front wheel drive
- 1980–1999 TH125/TH125C/3T40 — 3-speed light-duty
- 1984–1994 TH440-T4/4T60 — 4-speed medium-duty
- Longitudinal front wheel drive
Electronic Hydra-Matics
The next-generation transmissions, introduced in the early 1990s, were the electronic Hydra-Matics based on the Turbo-Hydramatic design. Most early electronic transmissions use the "-E" designator to differentiate them from their non-electronic cousins, but this has been dropped on transmissions with no mechanical version like the new GM 6L80 transmission.
Today, GM uses a simple naming scheme for their transmissions, with the "Hydra-Matic" name used on most automatics across all divisions.
| 3/4/5/6 | L/T | ## | -Elll |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number of forward gears | L=Longitudinal T=Transverse | GVWR rating | "E" for Electronic "HD" for Heavy Duty |
- First-generation longitudinal (Rear Wheel drive)
- 1991–2001 4L30-E — 4-speed light-duty (used in BMW, Cadillac, Isuzu, and Opel cars)
- 1992– 4L60-E/4L65-E — 4-speed medium-duty (used in GM trucks and rear-wheel-drive cars)
- 1991– 4L80-E/4L85-E — 4-speed heavy-duty (used in GM trucks)
- First-generation transverse (Front Wheel drive)
- 1995–2010 4T40-E/4T45-E — 4-speed light-duty (used in smaller front wheel drive GM vehicles)
- 1991–2010 4T60-E/4T65-E/4T65E-HD — 4-speed medium-duty (used in larger front wheel drive GM vehicles)
- 1993–2010 4T80-E — 4-speed heavy-duty (used in large front wheel drive GM vehicles, only with Cadillac NorthStar V8.
- Second-generation longitudinal (Rear Wheel drive)
- 2000–2007 5L40-E/5L50 — 5-speed medium-duty (used in Cadillac's Sigma vehicles)
- 2007– 6L45/6L50 — 6-speed medium-duty (used in GM Sigma platform cars)
- 2006– 6L80/6L90 — 6-speed heavy-duty (used in GM trucks and performance cars)
- 2014– 8L90 — 8-speed heavy-duty (used in GM trucks and performance cars)
- 2016– 8L45 — 8-speed light-duty (used in GM luxury cars)
- Second-generation transverse (Front Wheel drive)
- 2008– 6T30/6T40/6T45 — 6-speed light-duty
- 2006– 6T70/6T75 — 6-speed medium-duty
Other automatics
- Aisin AF33 — 5-speed transverse automatic made by Aisin AW Co., Ltd.
- Allison 1000 Series — 6-speed longitudinal automatic made by Allison Transmission
- Saturn MP6/MP7 — 4-speed automatic developed by Saturn for use in the S-series from 1991-2002
- VTi transmission — continuously variable transmission
Future
- 9-speed automatic transmission
- Ford 10-speed automatic transmission*
- *This transmission is of Ford Motor Company's own in-house design, with Ford filing the design patents. Ford will let GM use the 10-speed transmission as part of their joint venture agreement. In-return, General Motors will let Ford use its GM designed 9-speed transmission (transverse gearbox) for front-wheel drive cars.[2] [3]
Manual transmissions
Longitudinal transmissions
- Aisin AR5/MA5 — 5-speed longitudinal manual made by Aisin
- Aisin AY6 — 6-speed longitudinal manual made by Aisin
- Getrag 260 — 5-speed longitudinal manual made by Getrag
- Muncie M20 — 4-speed longitudinal wide ratio manual transmission made by Muncie
- Muncie M21 — 4-speed longitudinal close ratio manual transmission made by Muncie
- Muncie M22 — 4-speed longitudinal heavy duty close ratio manual transmission made by Muncie
- Saginaw M26/27 transmission — 4-speed longitudinal light duty (less than 300hp wide ratio manual transmission made by Muncie
- Muncie M62/M64 — 3-speed longitudinal transmission made by Muncie
- Muncie SM420 - 4 speed manual used up to 1967, very similar to sm 465 except small changes to gear ratios and location of reverse.
- New Process Gear A833 RPO MY6 or MM7 — 4-speed longitudinal A833 overdrive transmission made by New Process Gear for early to mid 1980's General Motors Light Trucks
- Muncie SM465 — 4 speed longitudinal manual used in 68- 91 Chevy 1/2 3/4 and 1 ton trucks
- New Venture Gear NV1500 — 5-speed longitudinal manual made by New Venture Gear
- New Venture Gear 3500/4500 — 5-speed longitudinal manual made by New Venture Gear
- Borg-Warner T-10 transmission — 4-speed longitudinal manual made by Richmond Gear; formerly made by Borg-Warner
- Tremec T-5 — 5-speed longitudinal manual made by Tremec; formerly made by Borg-Warner
- Tremec T-56 — 6-speed longitudinal manual overdrive made by Tremec; formerly made by Borg-Warner
- Tremec TR-6060 — 6-speed longitudinal manual overdrive made by Tremec
- ZF S6-650 — 6-speed longitudinal manual made by ZF Friedrichshafen
- Tremec TR-6070 — 7-speed longitudinal manual overdrive made by Tremec
Transverse Transmissions
- F23 — 5-speed transverse manual manufactured by Getrag
- F35 — 5-speed transverse manual manufactured by Saab in Gothenburg, Sweden
- F40 — 6-speed transverse manual manufactured by FGP Germany
- Getrag 282 — 5-speed transverse manual designed by Getrag and manufactured by Muncie Getrag
- Getrag 284 — 5-speed transverse manual designed by Getrag and manufactured by Muncie Getrag
- MP2/MP3 — 5-speed manual developed by Saturn for use in the S-Series from 1991-2002
See also
References
- ↑ "Hydra-Matic History: The First Automatic Transmission". Ate Up With Motor. 2010-05-29. Retrieved 2014-01-15.
- ↑ "Exclusive: An Inside Look At Ford's New 10 Speed Transmission". http://www.thetruthaboutcars.com/. Retrieved 2015-03-16. External link in
|publisher=(help) - ↑ Brooke, Lindsay. "Ford and GM finally consummate 9- and 10-speed joint development". articles.sae. SAE International. Retrieved 20 March 2016.
