Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve

Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve
Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá
IUCN category VI (protected area with sustainable use of natural resources)
Map showing the location of Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve

Map of Brazil

Location Amazonas, Brazil
Nearest city Tefé
Coordinates 2°16′S 65°41′W / 2.26°S 65.68°W / -2.26; -65.68Coordinates: 2°16′S 65°41′W / 2.26°S 65.68°W / -2.26; -65.68[1]
Area 4,300 sq mi (11,000 km2)[2]
Designation Sustainable development reserve
Established 1996
Designated 4 October 1993

The Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve (Portuguese: Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá) in the Brazilian state of Amazonas, near the city of Tefé, is a 4,300-square-mile (11,000 km2) reserve near the village of Boca do Mamirauá. It includes mostly Amazonian flooded forest and wetlands.

Location

The Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve is divided between the municipalities of Uarini (18.68%), Tonantins (1.24%), Maraã (26.74%), Japurá (1.33%) and Fonte Boa (52.01%) in the state of Amazonas. It has an area of 1,124,000 hectares (2,780,000 acres).[3] It covers the elongated triangle between the Solimões River (Upper Amazon) to the south, the Auati-Paraná Canal, which leaves the Solimões and meanders in a generally eastward direction to join the Japurá River to the north, and the Japurá from the junction with the Auati-Paraná to the point where it joins the Solimões.[4] It adjoins the Auatí-Paraná Extractive Reserve to the north. The Amanã Sustainable Development Reserve lies on the opposite bank of the Japurá to the east.[4]

Protection

Mamirauá is recognised by the international Ramsar Convention, as a wetland of global importance, as well as part of a World Heritage Convention's natural site. At present, it is included in one of the ecological corridors to be implemented by the PPG-7 Program for the Protection of Brazilian Tropical Forests.

Jaú National Park was inscribed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site in 2000.[5] It became part of the Central Amazon Ecological Corridor, established in 2002.[6] In 2003 the property was expanded by the addition of the Anavilhanas National Park, Amanã Sustainable Development Reserve and Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve to form the Central Amazon Conservation Complex, a larger World Heritage Site.[5]

The reserve is the legacy and life work of Brazilian scientist José Márcio Ayres.

Mamirauá has a human population estimated in 6,306 individuals, including amazonian caboclo, Ticuna, Cambeba and Cocama ameridian groups.

Wildlife

Saimiri vanzolinii is a primate species endemic of the reserve.

Mamirauá hosts a large diversity of birds, with more than 400 species recorded, including toucans, harpy eagle, hoatzin, 15 species of parrots and, specially, aquatic birds. Two species of monkeys, the white uakari and the black squirrel monkey are endemic of this region, which is also home of other kinds of arboreal mammals such as howler monkeys, sloths, coati and collared anteaters. Land mammals are not that common as most of the territory is flooded during the wet season. During this season the pink dolphin can be found in the flooded forest.

The most conspicuous of the numerous fish species are tambaqui, piranha and pirarucu. Mamirauá is also a perfect place to spot the Amazon river dolphins, both boto and tucuxi.

References

Sources

Further reading

  • Koziell, Izabella; Inoue, Christina Y. A. (2002). Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve, Brazil. IIED. ISBN 1-84369-241-4. 
  • Bannerman, Matt; Marigo, Luiz Claudio; Azevêdo, Aline Da Rin P. (2001). Mamirauá: A Guide to the Natural History of the Amazon Flooded Forest. Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá. ISBN 85-88758-02-4. 
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