Marseillevirus
| Marseillevirus | |
|---|---|
| Virus classification | |
| Group: | Group I (dsDNA) |
| Family: | Marseilleviridae |
| Genus: | Marseillevirus |
| Type Species | |
| |
Marseillevirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Marseilleviridae. There are currently only two species in this genus, including the type species Marseillevirus marseillevirus.[1][2] It is the prototype of a family of nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses (NCLDV) of eukaryotes (commonly known as Giant Viruses). It was isolated from amoeba.[3]
Taxonomy
Group: dsDNA
- Family: Marseilleviridae
- Genus: Marseillevirus
- Port-Miou marseillevirus
- Marseillevirus marseillevirus
- Senegalvirus marseillevirus
History
The virus is named after the French town of Marseille.
Since the description of the first virus in this family several others have been discovered. These have been named after the area they were discovered. This family includes Brazilian Marseillevirus, Cannes 8 virus, Insectomime virus, Lausannevirus, Melbournevirus, Port-Miou virus, Senegalvirus, Tunisvirus and Tokyovirus.
Structure
Viruses in Marseillevirus have icosahedral geometries. The diameter is around 250 nm. The genome has 457 open reading frames and is circular.[1] The genome has a length of 368 kb,[1] with a G+C content of 44.73%, which makes Marseillevirus the fifth largest viral genome sequenced so far. It encodes a minimum of 49 proteins, and some messenger RNAs.
The genome of the virus includes typical NCLDV core genes and genes apparently obtained from eukaryotic hosts and their parasites or symbionts, both bacterial and viral, through probably horizontal gene transfer mechanism.
| Genus | Structure | Symmetry | Capsid | Genomic Arrangement | Genomic Segmentation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marseillevirus | Icosahedral | Circular |
Life Cycle
Viral replication is nucleo-cytoplasmic. Dna templated transcription is the method of transcription. Amoeba serve as the natural host.[1]
| Genus | Host Details | Tissue Tropism | Entry Details | Release Details | Replication Site | Assembly Site | Transmission |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marseillevirus | Amoeba | None | Fusion | Lysis | Cytoplasm | Cytoplasm | Diffusion in Water |
See also
Other Giant viruses:
- Mimivirus
- Mamavirus
- Emiliania huxleyi virus 86
- Paramecium bursaria Chlorella virus NY2A.
References
- 1 2 3 4 "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 12 August 2015.
- 1 2 ICTV. "Virus Taxonomy: 2014 Release". Retrieved 12 August 2015.
- ↑ Boyer, Mickaël; Yutin, Natalya; Pagnier, Isabelle; Barrassi, Lina; Fournous, Ghislain; Espinosa, Leon; Robert, Catherine; Azza, Saïd; Sun, Siyang; Rossmann, Michael G.; Suzan-Monti, Marie; La Scola, Bernard; Koonin, Eugene V.; Raoult, Didier (2009). "Giant Marseillevirus highlights the role of amoebae as a melting pot in emergence of chimeric microorganisms". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106 (51): 21848–53. doi:10.1073/pnas.0911354106. PMC 2799887
. PMID 20007369.