Maximilian de Beauharnais, 3rd Duke of Leuchtenberg

Maximilian Joseph Eugene Auguste Napoleon de Beauharnais, 3rd Duke of Leuchtenberg (2 October 1817 Munich – 1 November 1852 St.Petersburg), was the husband of Grand Duchess Maria Nikolayevna of Russia and first cousin of Emperors Napoleon III of the French and Francis Joseph I of Austria. He was a grandson of Napoleon I's first wife, the Empress Josephine, by her prior marriage to Alexandre de Beauharnais.

Childhood

He was born as the second son of Eugène de Beauharnais and Princess Augusta Amalia Ludovika Georgia of Bavaria. His maternal grandparents were Maximilian I, King of Bavaria and his first wife Marie Wilhelmine Auguste, Landgravine of Hesse-Darmstadt.

His maternal grandmother Marie Wilhelmine Auguste was a daughter of Georg Wilhelm of Hesse-Darmstadt, younger son of Louis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt.

He was a brother of:

Auguste de Beauharnais, Duke of Santa Cruz, Consort prince of Queen Maria II of Portugal;
Amélie de Beauharnais, Empress consort of Pedro I of Brazil;
Josephine of Leuchtenberg, queen consort of Oscar I of Sweden.

Duke of Leuchtenberg

His maternal grandfather Maximilian of Bavaria appointed Eugène de Beauharnais, 1st Duke of Leuchtenberg on 14 November 1817. The title came with the effective administration of the Principality of Eichstätt. Maximilian was named "Prince of Leuchtenburg" and became the second-in-line heir to the Duchy.

On 21 February 1824, his father died and his older brother became Auguste de Beauharnais, Duke of Leuchtenberg. His brother was yet childless and Maximilian became his Heir Presumptive.

Auguste eventually married Queen Maria II of Portugal but died childless on 28 March 1835. Maximilian became the 3rd Duke of Leuchtenberg at this point.

Marriage

He married Grand Duchess Maria Nikolayevna of Russia on July 2, 1839 in the chapel of the Winter Palace. She was the eldest daughter of Nicholas I of Russia and Charlotte of Prussia.

His father-in-law Nicholas I granted to him on 14 July 1839 the Russian and Finnish style Imperial Highness, a rank he was entitled to as a descendant of the extended dynasty of Napoleon I of France. His father was an adoptive son of Napoleon.

Children

Princess Alexandra Maximilianovna (1840–1843) died in childhood
Princess Maria Maximilianovna (1841–1914) m. Prince Wilhelm of Baden (1829–1897), younger son of Leopold, Grand Duke of Baden
Nicholas Maximilianovich, Duke of Leuchtenberg (1843–1891) m. Nadezhda Annenkova (1840-1891)
Princess Eugenia Maximilianovna (1845–1925) m. Duke Alexander Petrovich of Oldenburg (1844–1932)
Eugen Maximilianovich, Duke of Leuchtenberg (1847–1901) m. Daria Opotchinina (1845–1870) m. Zinaida Skobeleva (1856–1899)
Prince Sergei Maximilianovich (1849–1877) Killed in the Russo-Turkish war
Georgi Maximilianovich, Duke of Leuchtenberg (1852–1912) m.(1) Duchess Therese Petrovna of Oldenburg (1852–1883) m.(2) Anastasia of Montenegro (1868–1935)

Further descendants

Through his oldest surviving daughter Princess Maria Maximilianovna of Leuchtenberg (1841–1914), he is the grandfather of Prince Maximilian of Baden (1867–1929), Chancellor of Germany during World War I.

His youngest daughter Princess Eugenia Maximilianovna of Leuchtenberg (1845–1925) married Duke Alexander Petrovich of Oldenburg (1844–1932), the grandson of Grand Duchess Catherine Pavlovna of Russia, and became the mother of Duke Peter Alexandrovich of Oldenburg (1868–1924), the divorced husband of Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna of Russia (1882–1960), the youngest sister of Nicholas II of Russia.

Ancestry

Ancestors of Maximilian de Beauharnais, 3rd Duke of Leuchtenberg

16. Claude de Beauharnais, comte des Roches-Baritaud

8. François de Beauharnais, marquis de la Ferté-Beauharnais

17. Renée Hardouineau de Laudanière

4. Alexandre, vicomte de Beauharnais

18. François-Louis de Pyvart de Chastullé

9. Marie Anne Henriette Françoise de Pyvart de Chastullé

19. Jeanne Hardouineau de Laudanière

2. Eugène de Beauharnais, 1st Duke of Leuchtenberg

20. Gaspard Joseph Tascher de la Pagerie

10. Joseph-Gaspard Tascher de la Pagerie

21. Françoise Bourreau de la Chevalerie

5. Joséphine Tascher de La Pagerie

22. Joseph François des Vergers de Sannois

11. Rose-Claire des Vergers de Sannois

23. Catherine Marie Brown

1. Maximilian de Beauharnais

24. Christian III, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken

12. Frederick Michael, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken

25. Countess Caroline of Nassau-Saarbrücken

6. King Maximilian I of Bavaria

26. Joseph Charles, Count Palatine of Sulzbach

13. Countess Palatine Maria Franziska of Sulzbach

27. Countess Palatine Elizabeth Augusta Sophie of Neuburg

3. Princess Amalia Augusta of Bavaria

28. Louis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt

14. Landgrave George William of Hesse-Darmstadt

29. Countess Charlotte Christine Magdalene Johanna of Hanau

7. Princess Augusta Wilhelmine of Hesse-Darmstadt

30. Christian Karl Reinhard, Count of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Falkenburg

15. Countess Marie Luise of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Heidesheim

31. Countess Katharina Polyxena of Solms-Rödelheim

References

External links

Marek, Miroslav. "A Beauharnais genealogy". Genealogy.EU.
A listing of the Ducal family of Leuchtenberg at the Wayback Machine (archived October 28, 2009)

German nobility
Maximilian de Beauharnais, 3rd Duke of Leuchtenberg House of Beauharnais Born: 2 October 1817 Died: 1 November 1852
Preceded by Auguste de Beauharnais	Duke of Leuchtenberg 28 March 1835 – 1 November 1852	Succeeded by Nicholas Maximilianovich

House of Beauharnais

Generations are numbered from Claude de Beauharnais, seigneur de Beaumont.

1st generation	François V, Marquis de La Ferté-Beauharnais Claude, 1st Count of Roches-Baritaud m. Françoise Mouchard

2nd generation	François François VI, Marquis de La Ferté-Beauharnais m. Françoise de Beauharnais Claude, 2nd Count of Roches-Baritaud Anne, Countess de Barral Alexandre, Viscount of Beauharnais m. Joséphine Tascher de La Pagerie (later Empress of the French)

3rd generation	Adélaïde Françoise Émilie, Countess of Lavalette Eugène, Duke of Leuchtenberg* m. Princess Augusta of Bavaria Amedee Hortense, Queen of Holland* Alberic Stéphanie, Grand Duchess of Baden* Josephine, Marquise de Quiqueran-Beaujeu Eugénie Hortense, Countess de Querelles Auguste

4th generation	Joséphine, Queen of Sweden and Norway Eugénie, Princess of Hohenzollern-Hechingen Auguste, Duke of Leuchtenberg** m. Queen Maria II of Portugal Amélie, Empress of Brazil Théodolinde, Countess of Württemberg Carolina Maximilian, Duke of Leuchtenberg^ m. Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna of Russia

5th generation	Alexandra^ Marie, Princess William of Baden^ Nicholas, Duke of Leuchtenberg^ Eugenia, Duchess Alexander of Oldenburg^ Eugen, Duke of Leuchtenberg^ Sergei^ Georgi, Duke of Leuchtenberg*^ m. 1st Duchess Therese Petrovna of Oldenburg, m. 2nd Princess Anastasia of Montenegro*

6th generation	Nicholas de Beauharnais Daria, Princess Leon Kotchoubey George Alexander, Duke of Leuchtenberg^ Sergei, Duke of Leuchtenberg^ Elena, Countess Stefan Tyszkiewicz**^

7th generation	Nicholas de Beauharnais Dimitri Nadezhda, Mrs. Mogilevsky Maximilian Natalie, Baroness Vladimir Meller-Zakomelsky Tamara, Mrs. Constantin Karanfilov Sergei Andrei Michael Constantine Marie, Countess Nikolai Mengden-Altenwoga**

8th generation	Elena Maria Magdalen, Mrs. Joseph de Pasquale George Anna, Mrs. Stout Eugénie Élisabeth, Mrs. von Bruch Xenia, Countess Dimitri Grabbe Olga, Mrs. Ronald Newburgh Olga, Mrs. Oleg Gaydeburov Nicholas Serge Elizabeth, Mrs. John Craft**

9th generation	Nicholas Maxiliam Constantine

* also a Prince or Princess des Francais ** also a Prince or Princess of Leuchtenberg and Eichstädt ^also a Prince Romanovsky or Princess Romanovskaja

Authority control	WorldCat Identities VIAF: 62313663 GND: 116958200

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