Pierre Carbonnier

Pierre Carbonnier

Pierre Carbonier (center) with ichthyologists Nikolai Zolotnitsky and Andrey Meshcherskiy

Pierre Carbonier (center) with ichthyologists Nikolai Zolotnitsky and Andrey Meshcherskiy
Born (1828-08-07)7 August 1828
Bergerac, France
Died 8 April 1883(1883-04-08) (aged 54) [1]
Paris, France
Residence Paris, France
Citizenship French
Fields ichthyologist and fish breeder
Institutions director for public Aquarium
Known for First importer and breeder of Paradise fish and Siamese fighting fish outside Asia.
Influenced Paul Matte, Paul Carbonnier

Pierre Carbonnier, (7 August 1828 – 8 April 1883) was a French scientist, ichthyologist, fish breeder and public Aquarium director. Member of Imperial Society of acclimatization (Société Impériale d'Acclimatation).

Biography

Pierre Carbonnier was born 7 August 1828 in Bergerac, son to Pierre and Marie Andrieu. As third child of twelve, he married Zélie Joséphine Flusin (dead 9 April 1883) in Paris November 10, 1857.[2]

Paradise fish male
siamese fighting fish
Dwarf gourami
Aquarium in Jardins du Trocadéro, 1879

Pierre Carbonnier founded in 1850, one of the oldest public Aquaria in Paris.[3]

In 1869 he started to breed exotic aquarium fishes, being the first in Europe to breed a tropical fish species, the Macropod (Paradise fish). This first shipment of tropical fish species was brought to Europe by a naval officer named Gerold (Gérault) at the request of French Consul (1868-1869) Eugene Simon (Eugène Simon) in Ningbo of Zhejiang Province in the southeast of China. Of 100 macropods, 22 arrived alive July 8, 1869 in Paris, and Carbonniers share of the shipment was 17 specimens, (12 males and 5 females). Two years later he had raised 200 specimens of the Paradise fish.

The same year he wrote the brochure "Report and observations about the pairing of one kind of Chinese fish" (fr. Rapport et Observations sur l'accouplement d'une espèce de poisson de Chine; 1869), "The new remark on the Chinese fish belonging to the genus makropody" (fr. Nouvelle Note sur un poisson de Chine appartenant au genre macropode; 1870), and others. He published also several works devoted to the breeding of crustaceans.

His fish breeding center was destroyed in 1870-1871 during the siege of Paris by the Prussian troops in the Franco-Prussian War, but he regained his spirit and in 1872 he introduced the Fantail, a variety of gold fish (Carassius auratus), in France.

In 1874 Carbonnier imported the first Siamese fighting fish (Betta splendens) and Dwarf gourami (Colisa lalia).[4]

At the International Exhibition of sea and river industries in Paris in 1875, Carbonnier was awarded the Gold Medal of the French Imperial Society of acclimatization for research and breeding of freshwater aquarium of exotic fish and his success of introducing exotic fish species to France.[5]

In 1878 Carbonnier was the first to breed the Peppered corydoras catfish (Corydoras paleatus), native to the basin of the Paraná River in Brazil.

In the same year, Pierre Carbonnier was appointed director of the Trocadéro Aquarium at the French Exhibition of 1878 in Jardins du Trocadéro.

He died 1883 in Paris.[6]

Publications

References

  1. ↑ Pierre Carbonnier (1829-1883) in the data.bnf.fr Labs pages
  2. ↑ Pierre Carbonnier, http://elmaxilab.com/
  3. ↑ Jacques Teton, "Archives de l'Aquariophilie : L'aquariophilie a-t-elle évoluée considérablement depuis des décennies ?", Revue Aquarama, 1988.
  4. ↑ Zwergfadenfisch, zierfischverzeichnis.de
  5. ↑ "Séance générale du 7 janvier 1876", in Bulletin de la Société d'Acclimatation, 3ème Série, Tome III, 1876, p.36-37.
  6. ↑ Pierre Carbonnier (1829-1883) in the data.bnf.fr Labs pages
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