Timeline of the Colombian conflict

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Pre-Colombian period	pre-1499
Spanish colonization	1499–1550
New Kingdom of Granada	1550–1717
Viceroyalty of New Granada	1717–1819
United Provinces of New Granada	1810–1816
Gran Colombia	1819–1831
Republic of New Granada	1831–1858
Granadine Confederation	1858–1863
United States of Colombia	1863–1886
Republic of Colombia	1886–present

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This is a timeline of events related to the Colombian armed conflict.

This timeline is incomplete; some important events may be missing. Please help add to it.

Background

Events that preceded the conflict.

Year	Date	Event
1899		Thousand Days War, civil war between the two ruling parties Colombian Liberal Party and Colombian Conservative Party,
1902		End of Civil War. Tensions between parties remain.
1928		Banana massacre in the town of Cienaga by the Colombian Army after a workers' strike against the United Fruit Company.
1948		Death of Jorge Eliecer Gaitan triggers El Bogotazo, Liberal and Conservative violence spread as part of La Violencia.
1950s		Marquetalia and other enclaves created by radical Liberal and Communist guerrillas.
1953		General Gustavo Rojas Pinilla seizes power and offers an amnesty to Liberal and Conservative fighters, most of whom demobilize.
1958		The National Front created by the Liberal and Conservative parties, after mutual agreements and a December 1957 plesbicite.
1959		U.S. President Eisenhower sent a survey team to Colombia to investigate the political situation in Colombia. As a result, the U.S. decided to help Colombia in counter-insurgency doctrines.^[1]

Colombian armed conflict

1960s

Year	Date	Event
1960	January 11	Jacobo Prías aka "Charro Negro", Chief of the Communist Agrarian Movement is killed. The Colombian government is blamed.^[2]
1961		Reports of helicopters were being deployed with US instructors accompanying Colombian pilots.^[1]
1962		A United States special warfare team, trained in Kennedy's Counterinsurgency doctrine, and headed by Gen. William Yarborough, was sent to Colombia. Following this cycles of special warfare teams arrived in Colombia between 1962 and 1965 to continue training in counterinsurgency operations^[3]
1962		Colombian Army military offensive against Marquetalia fails to eliminate the enclave.
1964		Operation Soberanía (Colombia), launched by the Colombian Army simultaneously with Operation Marquetalia in southern Tolima Department.
1965		Radical Liberal and Communist guerrillas from Marquetalia created the Southern Bloc
1966		Establishment of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) by Jacobo Arenas and Manuel Marulanda, among others.

1970s

Year	Date	Event
1971		The FARC begin kidnapping as a major source of income.^[4]
1975		FARC Kidnaps the Dutch consul in Cali Eric Leupin, demanding a US$1 million in ransom.^[4]
1976	October	FARC Dutch consul hostage is released.^[4]
1977		FARC Kidnaps a member of the United States Peace Corps.

1980s

Year	Date	Event
1980		Dominican embassy siege by 19th of April Movement (M-19)
1985		Palace of Justice siege by 19th of April Movement (M-19)
1985		Patriotic Union Party (UP)

1990s

Year	Date	Event
1990		Colombian army launched Operation Centauro against the guerrillas with no significant results.
1991		Operation Casa Verde launched by the Colombian army in an attempt to combat guerrillas concentrated in the area of Uribe, Meta with operations also extending to the region of Yari.
1996	June 16	A confrontation for coca cultivations in Norte de Santander Department between the AUC paramilitaries and the FARC results in La Gabarra Massacre.
1997		Operation Destructor launched by the Colombian army destroying numerous camp sites. According to the army there were 600 guerrilla casualties.
1997		Mapiripán Massacre (1997)
1999		FARC-Government peace process starts
1999		FARC released a hostage held since 1977 (22 years) after a payment of a US$250,000 dollar ransom.

2000s

Year	Date	Event
2002		Bojayá massacre (2002)
2002		Operation TH launched by the Colombian army to recover the former demilitirized zone after the failed peace process between the Pastrana government and the FARC guerrilla.
2004		Operation JM launched by the Colombian army, first of operation part of Plan Patriota.
2006		Parapolitica scandal broke out.
2008		A humanitarian exchange of important hostages and the release of 15 important hostages, including three Americans and Íngrid Betancourt.

References

External links

Colombian conflict (1964–present)

Participants			Timeline	Key aspects
			• La Violencia (1948-1958) • Marquetalia Republic • The National Front • Dominican Embassy (1980) • Palace of Justice (1985) • Patriotic Union Party extermination • Humanitarian exchange • Mapiripán Massacre (1997) • Peace process (1999-2002) • Bojayá massacre (2002) • Valle del Cauca Deputies hostage crisis (2002-2009) • El Nogal Club bombing (2003) • Parapolitics scandal (2006–7) • Operation Emmanuel • Andean diplomatic crisis (2008) • Operation Jaque (2008) • Operation Fenix (2008) • Nariño massacres (2009) • 2013 Colombian clashes • Peace process (2012-present) • Peace agreement referendum (2016)	Lawsuits • Sinaltrainal v. Coca-Cola (2001) • Rodriquez v. Drummond (2003) • Doe v. Chiquita (2007) Kidnappings • Kidnappings in Colombia • List of political hostages held by FARC Illegal drug trade • Illegal drug trade in Colombia • War on Drugs • Narcoterrorism Government aspects • Democratic security • Plan Colombia • Plan Patriota • Colombia–United States relations • Human rights in Colombia • Politics of Colombia
Guerrillas	Government of Colombia	Paramilitaries
• FARC-EP • ELN • EPL • List of FARC attacks Former guerrillas • M19 • MOEC • CGSB • ERP • Jorge Alberto Rodriguez The 400 • Movimiento Armado Quintin Lame Linked to • PCCC • Foro de São Paulo • PCC(M-L) • Cuban revolutionaries • Provisional IRA • ETA • ANNCOL • Fighters+Lovers • Colombian drug cartels • Some politicians	Military Forces of Colombia: National Army Air Force Navy Colombian Naval Infantry National Police Other: Migración Colombia Attorney General units Former government program • CONVIVIR Linked to • DynCorp International • United Nations • United States • European Union • Canada	• Águilas Negras • Los Rastrojos • The Clan Úsuga Former paramilitaries • AUC • AAA Linked to • Spearhead Ltd • Colombian drug cartels • CONVIVIR • Some Colombian military personnel • Some politicians

Years in Colombia (since 1810)

19th century	1810 1880 1890

20th century	1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

21st century	2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

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