United Nations Medal

A United Nations Medal is an international decoration awarded by the United Nations (U.N.) to the various world countries militaries for participation in joint international military and police operations such as peacekeeping, humanitarian efforts, and disaster relief.^[1] The medal is ranked in militaries and police forces as a service medal. The United Nations awarded its first medal during the Korean War (1950-53). Since 1955, many additional United Nations medals have been created and awarded for participation in various United Nations missions and actions around the world.

United Nations Medal

United Nations Medal

The most common United Nations medal is the standard U.N. decoration known simply as the United Nations Medal. Most countries bestow this award for any action in which a member of the military participated in a joint U.N. activity.

In situations where a service member participated in multiple U.N. operations, service stars,^[2] campaign clasps,^[3] or award numbers are authorized as attachments to the United Nations Medal. These devices vary depending on the regulations of the various armed forces.^[4]

The UN has authorised the award of numerals to be attached to the medal ribbon. The qualification for these numerals is not to indicate the number of campaigns served in, but rather the number of qualifying periods of service, which are counted as 180 consecutive days after the initial qualifying period of ninety days. ^[5]

United Nations Korea Medal

UN Korea Medal

The first United Nations medal to be created was the United Nations Service Medal, also known as the United Nations Service Medal Korea, was awarded to any military service member, of an Armed Force allied with South Korea, who participated in the defense of South Korea from North Korea between the dates of 27 June 1950 and 27 July 1953. The military forces of the Netherlands are awarded the medal for service to January 1, 1955, while the armed forces of Thailand and Sweden grant the award to July 27, 1955.^[6]

United Nations Emergency Force Medal

UNEF

In 1956, to maintain the peace which brought the end of the Suez Crisis the United Nations Emergency Force was established. This was the first Peacekeeping operation of the United Nations.^[7] To reward the service of troops from Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Denmark, India, Norway, Sweden and Yugoslavia those troops who completed ninety days of service with the UNEF were awarded the United Nations Emergency Force Medal. The mission lasted from November 1956 until June 1967.^[8] It is unique from other United Nations Medals in that instead of saying UN on the obverse, it says UNEF. Subsequent missions did not use the missions abbreviation on its medals.

United Nations Medal ribbons

In most nations, the standard United Nations Medal is awarded in lieu of a campaign specific medal. Most operations utilize a different ribbon for each mission, though there have been some notable exceptions. In some countries where the UN Security Council determines a mission in the same geographic region, but changes the mission mandate by way of Security Council Resolution, there may be a number of missions which have identical campaign ribbons and then later will change the ribbon to reflect the changing environment.

The United Nations Mission in Haiti (UNMIH) was originally established by United Nations Security Council Resolution 867 on 23 September 1993 and lasted until in June 1996. This mission was an effort to end the conflict and instability caused by the 1991 Haitian coup d'état. Subsequent missions to maintain stability and train the Haitian National Police were undertaken under UNSMIH, UNTMIH, MIPONUH, and MICAH. These subsequent missions all used the same medal as UNMIH.^[9]

In East Timor, the medals awarded for UNAMET, UNTAET and UNMISET all have the same ribbon.^[10]

Years Ribbon bar Operation Operation area 1948– UNTSO Middle East 1949– UNMOGIP India, Pakistan 1958 UNOGIL Lebanon, Syria 1960–1964 ONUC Congo 1962–1963 UNSF West-Papua and Indonesia 1963–1964 UNYOM Yemen 1964– UNFICYP Cyprus 1965–1966 UNIPOM India, Pakistan 1973–1979 UNEF II Egypt, Israel 1974– UNDOF Golan Heights 1978– UNIFIL Lebanon 1988–1991 UNIIMOG Iraq, Iran 1988–1990 UNGOMAP Afghanistan, Pakistan 1988–1991 UNAVEM I Angola 1989–1990 UNTAG Namibia 1989–1992 ONUCA Central America 1991–2003 UNIKOM Kuwait, Iraq 1991– MINURSO Western Sahara 1991–1995 UNAVEM II Angola 1991–1995 ONUSAL El Salvador 1991–1992 UNAMIC Cambodia 1992–1995 UNPROFOR Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina during the Yugoslav Wars 1992–1993 UNTAC Cambodia 1992–1993 UNOSOM I Somalia 1992–1994 ONUMOZ Mozambique 1993–1995 UNOSOM II Somalia 1993–1994 UNOMUR Rwanda, Uganda 1993–2009 UNOMIG Georgia 1993–1997 UNOMIL Liberia 1993–1996 UNAMIR Rwanda 1993–1996 UNMIH Haiti 1994–2000 UNMOT Tajikistan during civil war 1995–1997 UNAVEM III Angola 1995–1999 UNPREDEP Macedonia 1995–1996 UNCRO Croatia

Years Ribbon bar Operation Operation area 1995–2002 UNMIBH Bosnia-Herzegovina 1996–1998 UNTAES Croatia 1996–1997 UNSMIH Haiti 1996–2002 UNMOP Croatia 1997 MINUGUA Guatemala 1997–1999 MONUA Angola 1997 UNTMIH Haiti 1997–2000 MIPONUH Haiti 1998 UNPSG Croatia 1998–2000 MINURCA Central African Republic 1998–1999 UNOMSIL Sierra Leone 1999– UNMIK Kosovo 1999 UNAMET East-Timor 1999–2005 UNAMSIL Sierra Leone 1999–2002 UNTAET East-Timor 1999–2010 MONUC Democratic Republic of the Congo 2000–2001 MICAH Haiti 2000–2008 UNMEE Eritrea, Ethiopia 2002–2005 UNMISET East-Timor 2003– UNMIL Liberia 2003–2004 MINUCI Ivory Coast 2004– UNOCI Ivory Coast 2004– MINUSTAH Haiti 2004–2006 ONUB Burundi 2005–2011 UNMIS Sudan 2006–2012 UNMIT East-Timor 2007– UNAMID Sudan 2007–2010 MINURCAT Central African Republic, Chad 2010– MONUSCO Democratic Republic of the Congo 2011– UNISFA Sudan 2011– UNMISS South Sudan 2012 UNSMIS Syria 2013– MINUSMA Mali 2014– MINUSCA Central African Republic 1974– UNHQ For service in the United Nations Headquarters

United Nations Special Service Medal

UNSSM ribbon

For 90 days of service with a United Nations mission or organization where there is no specific approved United Nations medal, personnel may be eligible for the United Nations Special Service Medal (UNSSM). Some examples of qualifying service are the United Nations Assistance Mission in Iraq, or the United Nations Department of Humanitarian Affairs Accelerated De-Mining Programme (MADP) in Mozambique.

Receipt and wear of UN Medals

France, Australia, Canada and New Zealand

Some nations, such as France, the Commonwealth of Australia, Canada and New Zealand permit members of the military and police to receive and display multiple United Nations Medals as separate decorations.

United Kingdom

Other countries, in particular the United Kingdom, permit a service member to receive the relevant United Nations medal and authorization for it to be worn is given by the FCO (Foreign and Commonwealth Office), Numerals may be added to denote multiple tours to one mission, the medals are worn in order of award and take precedence alongside British campaign medals.

United States

In the United States armed forces, prior to 13 October 1995, all US military personnel wore the blue and white United Nations Ribbon regardless of the ribbon awarded. On 13 October 1995, the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Personnel and Readiness) approved a change to the wear policy of the United Nations Medal. Effective on that date, personnel who are awarded the United Nations Medal may wear the first medal and ribbon for which they qualify, adding a bronze service star for subsequent awards of the United Nations Medal for service in a different mission. No more than one UN medal or ribbon may be worn at a time.^[11][12]

US military personnel are eligible to wear the medal from one of the following United Nations operations as their one approved medal:^[13]

Argentina

Members of the Argentinian Armed Forces are allowed to wear the different UN medals as separated decorations. However, authorization for use must be formally requested for every single medal, and is granted on an individual basis. Regulations for the use of either medals or ribbons apply for each uniform. In the Argentinian Army, a national-issued, maroon-and-white bar showing the number of tours of duty may be worn in lieu of (but not together with) the UN-issued ribbons.

See also

• International decoration
• Common Security and Defence Policy Service Medal
• Multinational Force and Observers Medal
• NATO Medal

References

External links

• United Nations Medal (with images, from New Zealand Defence Force website)
• United Nations Medals (with images, from Veterans Affairs, Canada)