Ust-Kubinsky District

Ust-Kubinsky District
Усть-Кубинский район (Russian)

Location of Ust-Kubinsky District in Vologda Oblast
Coordinates: 59°38′N 39°44′E / 59.633°N 39.733°E / 59.633; 39.733Coordinates: 59°38′N 39°44′E / 59.633°N 39.733°E / 59.633; 39.733

Kamenny Monastery, in Lake Kubenskoye
Coat of arms
Flag
Location
Country Russia
Federal subject Vologda Oblast[1]
Administrative structure (as of March 2010)
Administrative center selo of Ustye[2]
Administrative divisions:[2]
Selsoviets 10
Inhabited localities:[2]
Rural localities 268
Municipal structure (as of May 2015)
Municipally incorporated as Ust-Kubinsky Municipal District[3]
Municipal divisions:[3]
Urban settlements 0
Rural settlements 4
Statistics
Area 2,400 km2 (930 sq mi)[4]
Population (2010 Census) 8,094 inhabitants[5]
• Urban 0%
• Rural 100%
Density 3.37/km2 (8.7/sq mi)[6]
Time zone MSK (UTC+03:00)[7]
Established July 15, 1929[8]
Official website
Ust-Kubinsky District on WikiCommons

Ust-Kubinsky District (Russian: Усть-Ку́бинский райо́н) is an administrative[1] and municipal[3] district (raion), one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. It is located in the center of the oblast and borders with Vozhegodsky District in the north, Kharovsky District in the northeast, Sokolsky District in the southeast, Vologodsky District in the southwest, and with Kirillovsky District in the west. The area of the district is 2,400 square kilometers (930 sq mi).[4] Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Ustye.[2] District's population: 8,094 (2010 Census);[5] 9,350 (2002 Census);[9] 11,280 (1989 Census).[10] The population of Ustye accounts for 48.7% of the district's population.[5]

Etymology

The name of the district means "the mouth of the Kubena" and originates from the old spelling of the name of the Kubena River.

Geography

The district is elongated from southeast to northwest. Lake Kubenskoye, one of the biggest lakes in Vologda Oblast, is located in the southwestern part of the district. The district border is drawn along the lake so that the district shares the lake with Vologodsky District (a tiny piece of the lake, with the source of the Sukhona River, is also shared with Sokolsky District). With the exception of a short stretch of the Sukhona in the south of the district, and the northwest of the district, which belongs to the Pereshna's basin, a part of the basin of the Onega River, the rest of the area belongs to the basin of Lake Kubenskoye. The rivers in the northern part of the district drain into the Uftyuga River, whereas the central and southern parts belong to the basin of the Kubena River, a major tributary of Lake Kubenskoye. The Kubena enters the district from the east, forms a border between Ust-Kubensky and Sokolsky Districts, and crosses it to the west, forming a river delta at the confluence with Lake Kubenskoye. The selo of Ustye is located in the river delta of the Kubena. Kamenny Island, the only island in the middle of Lake Kubenskoye, is a part of the district. The second largest lake in the district, Lake Pereshnoye, is the source of the Pereshna and is divided between Kirillovsky and Ust-Kubinsky Districts.

Considerable areas of the district are covered by forests and swamps. The swamps are mostly located in the Uftyuga valley, along the shore of Lake Kubenskoye, and in the southern part of the district. The biggest one is the Charonda Swamp (shared with Kirillovsky and Vozhegodsky Districts).

History

The area was originally populated by the Finno-Ugric peoples and then colonized by the Novgorod Republic. In the 13th century, it became a part of the Principality of Beloozero, whose first prince Gleb Vasilkovich founded Kamenny Monastery on the island on Lake Kubenskoye in 1260. In the 14th century, the principality became a part of the Grand Duchy of Moscow. The territory of the modern district, known as Zaozyorye (lit. trans-lake lands), for a short period became a principality, the Principality of Zaozyorye, which was dependent on the Principality of Yaroslavl. Before 1447, it became a part of the Grand Duchy of Moscow as well.[11] The area southwest of the Kubena was known as Kubena, and for a short period was run as the Principality of Kubena before merging with the Principality of Zaozyorye. The selo of Ustye has been known since 1570.[4] Due to the location on one of the trading routes connecting the basins of the Northern Dvina and the Volga Rivers, and in the mouth of the Kubena, Ustye became a prosperous settlement living from trading. It was also an important point where pilgrims were put on boats and transported to Kamenny Monastery.[12] In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, the area was included into Archangelgorod Governorate. In 1780, Arkhangelogorod Governorate was abolished and transformed into Vologda Viceroyalty, and in 1796 the latter was split into Arkhangelsk and Vologda Governorates. What now is Ust-Kubinsky District was then a part of Kadnikovsky Uyezd of Vologda Governorate.

On July 15, 1929, the uyezds were abolished, the governorates were merged into Northern Krai, and Ust-Kubinsky District was established among others. It became a part of Vologda Okrug of Northern Krai.[8] In the following years, the first-level administrative division of Russia kept changing. In 1936, the krai was transformed into Northern Oblast. In 1937, Northern Oblast itself was split into Arkhangelsk Oblast and Vologda Oblast. Ust-Kubinsky District remained in Vologda Oblast ever since.

Economy

Industry

The economy of the district is based on timber industry. There is also food industry present.[13]

Agriculture

The main agricultural specialization in the district is cattle breeding. Crops and potatoes are also grown.[13]

Transportation

Ustye is connected by a road with Sokol. There are also local roads in the district, with passenger bus traffic.

While the lower course of the Kubena, Lake Kubenskoye, and the Sukhona are navigable, there is no passenger navigation within the district. The northern part of Lake Kubenskoye, which belongs to the basin of the Northern Dvina River, is connected by the Northern Dvina Canal with the town of Kirillov and the Sheksna River, thus connecting the basins of the White Sea and the Volga. In the 19th century, the canal and Lake Kubenskoye were the main waterways connecting the Volga with the White Sea. However, in the 1930s the White Sea – Baltic Canal was built, and the Northern Dvina Canal lost its significance. The canal is still in operation, serving cargo traffic and occasional cruise ships, which then proceed to Lake Kubenskoye.

Culture and recreation

Kamenny Monastery

The district contains nine cultural heritage monuments of federal significance (the ruins of the Kamenny Monastery on Kamenny Island and the ensemble of churches known as Voskresensky Pogost in Ustye) and additionally thirty objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance, mostly located in Ustye.[14][15]

The only museum in the district is the Ust-Kubinsky District Museum of History and Ethnography, located in Ustye.[16]

Two of the handicrafts developed in Ust-Kubensky District have been officially recognized and protected by Vologda Oblast Law.[17] These are lace-making (Ustye Lace, Kubenoozyorskoye Lace) and oxhorn carving (Ustye Horns).

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 Law #371-OZ
  2. 1 2 3 4 Resolution #178
  3. 1 2 3 Law #1125-OZ
  4. 1 2 3 Судаков, Г. В. (2006). Г. В. Судаков, ed. Вологодская энциклопедия (PDF) (in Russian). Вологда: ВГПУ, Русь. p. 486. ISBN 5-87822-305-8. Retrieved October 18, 2011.
  5. 1 2 3 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
  6. ↑ The value of density was calculated automatically by dividing the 2010 Census population by the area specified in the infobox. Please note that this value is only approximate as the area specified in the infobox does not necessarily correspond to the area of the entity proper or is reported for the same year as the population.
  7. ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №271-ФЗ от 03 июля 2016 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #271-FZ of July 03, 2016 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
  8. 1 2 Справка об изменениях административно-территориального устройства и сети партийных и комсомольских органов на территории Вологодской области (1917–1991) (in Russian). Архивы России. Retrieved October 16, 2011.
  9. ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  10. ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  11. ↑ О районе. История. (in Russian). Администрация Сокольского муниципального района. Retrieved October 22, 2011.
  12. ↑ Устье-Кубенское (in Russian). Историко-культурное наследие Вологодской области. Retrieved October 19, 2011.
  13. 1 2 Экономика (in Russian). Администрация Усть-Кубинского района. Retrieved October 19, 2011.
  14. ↑ Памятники истории и культуры народов Российской Федерации (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. Retrieved 2 June 2016.
  15. ↑ Памятники (in Russian). Администрация Усть-Кубинского района. Retrieved October 19, 2011.
  16. ↑ Усть-Кубинский районный историко-этнографический музей (in Russian). Российская сеть культурного наследия. Retrieved October 19, 2011.
  17. ↑ Законодательное Собрание Вологодской области. Закон №379-ОЗ от 14 июля 1999 г. «О народных художественных промыслах в Вологодской области (без поправок)», в ред. Закона №1872-ОЗ от 20 октября 2008 г «О внесении изменений в статью 2 Закона области "О народных художественных промыслах в Вологодской области"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Красный Север", №144–145, 24 июля 1999 г. (Legislative Assembly of Vologda Oblast. Law #379-OZ of July 14, 1999 On the Folk Arts and Crafts in Vologda Oblast (without amendments), as amended by the Law #1872-OZ of October 20, 2008 On Amending Article 2 of the Oblast Law "On the Folk Arts and Crafts in Vologda Oblast". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).

Sources

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