Vologodsky District

Vologodsky District
Вологодский район (Russian)

Location of Vologodsky District in Vologda Oblast
Coordinates: 59°26′N 39°41′E / 59.433°N 39.683°E / 59.433; 39.683Coordinates: 59°26′N 39°41′E / 59.433°N 39.683°E / 59.433; 39.683
Coat of arms of Vologodsky District
Flag of Vologodsky District
Location
Country Russia
Federal subject Vologda Oblast[1]
Administrative structure (as of June 2012)
Administrative center city of Vologda[2]
Administrative divisions:[2]
selsoviet 23
Inhabited localities:[2]
Rural localities 912
Municipal structure (as of July 2012)
Municipally incorporated as Vologodsky Municipal District[3]
Municipal divisions:[3]
Urban settlements 0
Rural settlements 12
Statistics
Area 4,500 km2 (1,700 sq mi)[4]
Population (2010 Census) 50,438 inhabitants[5]
• Urban 0%
• Rural 100%
Density 11.21/km2 (29.0/sq mi)[6]
Time zone MSK (UTC+03:00)[7]
Established July 15, 1929[8]
Official website
Vologodsky District on WikiCommons

Vologodsky District (Russian: Волого́дский райо́н) is an administrative[1] and municipal[3] district (raion), one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. It is located in the center of the oblast and borders with Ust-Kubinsky and Sokolsky Districts in the northeast, Mezhdurechensky District in the east, Gryazovetsky District in the southeast, Poshekhonsky District of Yaroslavl Oblast in the southwest, Sheksninsky District in the west, and with Kirillovsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 4,500 square kilometers (1,700 sq mi).[4] Its administrative center is the city of Vologda[9] (which is not administratively a part of the district).[1] Population: 50,438 (2010 Census);[5] 50,956 (2002 Census);[10] 64,946 (1989 Census).[11] As of 2010, Vologodsky District was the most populous among all the districts of Vologda Oblast.[5]

Geography

The district is elongated from northwest to southeast with Lake Kubenskoye, one of the biggest lakes in Vologda Oblast, forming its northeastern border. The lake is shared between Vologodsky and Ust-Kubensky Districts. Almost all of the district's territory lies in the basin of the Sukhona River. In particular, the rivers in the north lie in the basin of Lake Kubenskoye, the source of the Sukhona, and the southern part is in the basin of the Vologda River, one of the major tributaries of the Sukhona. The Lezha River, another major tributary of the Sukhona, forms the southeastern border of the district, and the Sukhona itself forms the eastern border, upstream from the mouth of the Lezha.

Minor areas in the northwest of the district are in the Sheksna River's basin and some areas in the south of the district are in the basin of the Sogozha River. Both rivers are left tributaries of the Volga, and thus the divide between the basins of the White and the Caspian Seas crosses the district.

History

Vologda was first mentioned in reliable sources in 1264 as a remote settlement controlled by the Novgorod Republic. Subsequently, it became an important settlement on the trade route connecting Central Russia to the White Sea via the Northern Dvina River, and therefore it was a subject of frequent disputes between Novgorod and the Grand Duchy of Moscow. In the 15th century, it became the seat of the quasi-independent Principality of Vologda, which was most of the time controlled by Moscow and which included the current area of Vologodsky District. In the 15th century, the area became a part of the Grand Duchy of Moscow.

In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, the area was included into Archangelgorod Governorate. Vologda was specifically mentioned as one of the towns comprising the governorate. In 1780, Archangelogorod Governorate was abolished and transformed into Vologda Viceroyalty, and in 1796 the latter was split into Arkhangelsk and Vologda Governorates. What is now Vologodsky District was then a part of Vologodsky Uyezd of Vologda Governorate.

On July 15, 1929, several governorates, including Vologda Governorate, were merged into Northern Krai, and the uyezds were abolished. Instead, Vologodsky District with the administrative center in Vologda was established as a part of Vologda Okrug. On June 20, 1932, the district was abolished. Some of its territory was transferred to Chyobsarsky, Gryazovetsky, and Ust-Kubinsky Districts, and the rest was administratively subordinated to Vologda.[8]

In the following years, the first-level administrative division of Russia kept changing. In 1936, Northern Krai was transformed into Northern Oblast, which in turn was split into Arkhangelsk Oblast and Vologda Oblast in 1937. On September 1, 1938, Vologodsky District was re-established.[8]

On July 15, 1929, Chyobsarsky District with the administrative center in Chyobsara was established. On December 13, 1962, it was abolished and its territory was split between Vologodsky and Cherepovetsky Districts. On January 12, 1965, Sheksninsky District was established, which included some of the areas of the former Chyobsarsky District, including the urban-type settlement of Chyobsara.[8]

On July 15, 1929, Kubeno-Ozersky District with the administrative center in the selo of Kubenskoye was also established. On December 13, 1962, it was abolished and merged into Vologodsky District.[8]

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Vologodsky District is one of the twenty-six in the oblast.[1] The city of Vologda serves as its administrative center,[9] despite being incorporated separately as a city of oblast significance—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1]

As a municipal division, the district is incorporated as Vologodsky Municipal District.[3] The city of oblast significance of Vologda is incorporated separately from the district as Vologda Urban Okrug.[12]

Economy

Industry

In 2011, food industry was the leading industry in the district, producing 61% of the gross product. Timber industry is next in importance.[13]

Agriculture

Crops are grown in the district, and meat, milk, and eggs are produced. In 2011, the district produced more crops, milk, meat, and eggs than any other district of Vologda Oblast.[13]

Transportation

One of the principal highways in Russia, M8, which connects Moscow and Arkhangelsk, crosses the eastern part of the district from south to north. In Vologda, two more highways branch off. Another highway, A114, connecting Vologda to Cherepovets and Saint Petersburg, runs west from Vologda, and the highway connecting Vologda with the towns of Kirillov, Vytegra, and Pudozh runs northwest along the axis of the district.

The railroad connecting Yaroslavl and Vologda crosses the district from south to north. In the south of the district, a railroad to Buy branches off southeast. The railroad connecting Vologda with Cherepovets and Saint Petersburg begins in Vologda and runs west through the district.

Lake Kubenskoye and the Sukhona River are both navigable, as well as the Lezha and the Vologda in their lower courses, but there is no passenger navigation.

Culture and recreation

The Chapel of Iliya the Prophet in the Ethnographic Museum in Semyonkovo

The district contains six objects classified as cultural and historical heritage by the Russian Federal law and additionally sixty-eight objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local importance.[14] The objects protected at the federal level are the Ethnographic Museum in Semyonkovo, the Mozhaysky Estate in Mozhayskoye (formerly Kotelnikovo), the Intercession Church in Pokrovskoye, and the Ulyanov House in Raskopino.

There are three museums in the district. The Ethnographic Museum in Semyonkovo is an open-air museum which is created for preservation of traditional wooden architecture in the central and eastern parts of Vologda Oblast.[15] The former Mozhaysky Estate in the settlement of Mozhayskoye is now the museum of Alexander Mozhaysky.[16] Alexander Mozhaysky, Russian aviation pioneer, who in 1884 constructed a monoplane aircraft and performed an unsuccessful attempt to take off, lived in the estate, which belonged to his wife, between 1860 and 1863. The Vologda District Museum is located in the selo of Kubenskoye.[17]

Sergey Ilyushin, Soviet aircraft designer and the founder of the Ilyushin Design Bureau, was born in 1894 in the village of Dilyalevo, currently in Vologodsky District.

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Law #371-OZ
  2. 1 2 3 Resolution #178
  3. 1 2 3 4 Law #1112-OZ
  4. 1 2 Судаков, Г.В. (2006). Г. В. Судаков, ed. Вологодская энциклопедия (PDF) (in Russian). Вологда: ВГПУ, Русь. p. 136. ISBN 5-87822-305-8. Retrieved November 14, 2011.
  5. 1 2 3 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
  6. ↑ The value of density was calculated automatically by dividing the 2010 Census population by the area specified in the infobox. Please note that this value is only approximate as the area specified in the infobox does not necessarily correspond to the area of the entity proper or is reported for the same year as the population.
  7. ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №271-ФЗ от 03 июля 2016 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #271-FZ of July 03, 2016 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 Справка об изменениях административно-территориального устройства и сети партийных и комсомольских органов на территории Вологодской области (1917-1991) (in Russian). Архивы России. Retrieved October 16, 2011.
  9. 1 2 Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 19 220», в ред. изменения №259/2014 от 12 декабря 2014 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division . Code 19 220, as amended by the Amendment #259/2014 of December 12, 2014. ).
  10. ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  11. ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  12. ↑ Law #1103-OZ
  13. 1 2 Экономика района (in Russian). Администрация Вологодского района. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
  14. ↑ Памятники истории и культуры народов Российской Федерации (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. Retrieved 2 June 2016.
  15. ↑ Архитектурно-этнографический музей Вологодской области (in Russian). Вологодский государственный музей-заповедник. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
  16. ↑ Дом-музей А.Ф. Можайского (филиал Вологодского государственного историко-архитектурного и художественного музея-заповедника) (in Russian). Российская сеть культурного наследия. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
  17. ↑ Культура (in Russian). Администрация Вологодского района. Retrieved November 19, 2011.

Sources

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