Glutaminyl-tRNA synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing)

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are ATP, glutamyl-tRNA(Gln), and L-glutamine, whereas its 4 products are ADP, phosphate, glutaminyl-tRNA(Gln), and L-glutamate.

This enzyme belongs to the family of ligases, specifically those forming carbon-nitrogen bonds carbon-nitrogen ligases with glutamine as amido-N-donor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is glutamyl-tRNAGln:L-glutamine amido-ligase (ADP-forming). Other names in common use include Glu-AdT, Glu-tRNAGln amidotransferase, glutamyl-tRNAGln amidotransferase, and Glu-tRNAGln:L-glutamine amido-ligase (ADP-forming). This enzyme participates in glutamate metabolism and alanine and aspartate metabolism.

References

Horiuchi KY, Harpel MR, Shen L, Luo Y, Rogers KC, Copeland RA (2001). "Mechanistic studies of reaction coupling in Glu-tRNAGln amidotransferase". Biochemistry. 40 (21): 6450–7. doi:10.1021/bi002599l. PMID 11371208.
Curnow AW, Tumbula DL, Pelaschier JT, Min B, Soll D (1998). "Glutamyl-tRNA(Gln) amidotransferase in Deinococcus radiodurans may be confined to asparagine biosynthesis". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95 (22): 12838–43. doi:10.1073/pnas.95.22.12838. PMC 23620. PMID 9789001.
Ibba M, Soll D (2000). "Aminoacyl-tRNA synthesis". Annu. Rev. Biochem. 69: 617–50. doi:10.1146/annurev.biochem.69.1.617. PMID 10966471.

Enzymes: CO CS and CN ligases (EC 6.1-6.3)

6.1: Carbon-Oxygen	Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase Alanine Arginine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine D-alanine—poly(phosphoribitol) ligase Glutamate Glutamine Glycine Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Proline Serine Threonine Tryptophan Tyrosine Valine

6.2: Carbon-Sulfur	Succinyl coenzyme A synthetase Acetyl—CoA synthetase Long-chain-fatty-acid—CoA ligase

6.3: Carbon-Nitrogen	Glutamine synthetase Ubiquitin ligase Cullin Von Hippel–Lindau tumor suppressor UBE3A Mdm2 Anaphase-promoting complex UBR1 Glutathione synthetase CTP synthetase Adenylosuccinate synthase Argininosuccinate synthase Holocarboxylase synthetase GMP synthase Asparagine synthetase Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I II Glutamate–cysteine ligase

Enzymes

Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Catalytically perfect enzyme Coenzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis Enzyme kinetics Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics

Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor

Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes

Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases (list) EC2 Transferases (list) EC3 Hydrolases (list) EC4 Lyases (list) EC5 Isomerases (list) EC6 Ligases (list)

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