List of sovereign states in 1914

This is a list of every sovereign state that existed in the year 1914 and their capitals. It includes not only those states which had widespread international recognition, but also those states which were generally unrecognized. In addition, it includes all non-sovereign territories which were not integral parts of sovereign states.

Sovereign states

Political map of the world in 1914

A

•  Albania
  Capital: Tirana
  • Provisional Government of Albania (to March 7)
  • Principality of Albania (from March 7)
•  Andorra - Principality of Andorra
  Capital: Andorra la Vella
•  Argentina - Argentine Republic
  Capital: Buenos Aires
•  Austria-Hungary - Austro-Hungarian Empire
  Capital: Vienna, Budapest

B

•  Belgium - Kingdom of Belgium
  Capital: Brussels
•  Bolivia - Republic of Bolivia
  Capital: Sucre
• Brazil - United States of Brazil
  Capital: Rio de Janeiro
•  Bulgaria - Kingdom of Bulgaria
  Capital: Sofia

C

•  Chile - Republic of Chile
  Capital: Santiago
•  China - Republic of China
  Capital: Peking
•  Colombia - Republic of Colombia
  Capital: Bogotá
•  Costa Rica - Republic of Costa Rica
  Capital: San José
•  Cuba - Republic of Cuba
  Capital: Havana

D

•  Denmark - Kingdom of Denmark
  Capital: Copenhagen
•  Dominican Republic
  Capital: Santo Domingo

E

•  Ecuador - Republic of Ecuador
  Capital: Quito
•  El Salvador - Republic of El Salvador
  Capital: San Salvador
•  Ethiopia - Ethiopian Empire
  Capital: Addis Ababa

F

• France - French Republic
  Capital: Paris

G

•  Germany - German Empire
  Capital: Berlin
•  Greece - Kingdom of Greece
  Capital: Athens
•  Guatemala - Republic of Guatemala
  Capital: Guatemala City

H

• Ha'il - Emirate of Ha'il
•  Haiti - Republic of Haiti
  Capital: Port-au-Prince
•  Honduras - Republic of Honduras
  Capital: Tegucigalpa

I

•  Italy - Kingdom of Italy
  Capital: Rome

J

•  Japan - Empire of Japan
  Capital: Tokyo

L

•  Liberia - Republic of Liberia
  Capital: Monrovia
•  Liechtenstein - Principality of Liechtenstein
  Capital: Vaduz
•  Luxembourg - Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
  Capital: Luxembourg

M

•  Mexico - United Mexican States
  Capital: Mexico City
•  Monaco - Principality of Monaco
  Capital: Monaco-Ville
•  Montenegro - Kingdom of Montenegro
  Capital: Cetinje

N

• Nejd - Emirate of Nejd
  Capital: Riyadh
• Nepal - Kingdom of Nepal
  Capital: Kathmandu
•  Netherlands - Kingdom of the Netherlands
  Capital: Amsterdam
•  Nicaragua - Republic of Nicaragua
  Capital: Managua
•  Norway - Kingdom of Norway
  Capital: Kristiania

P

•  Panama - Republic of Panama
  Capital: Panama City
•  Paraguay - Republic of Paraguay
  Capital: Asunción
• Persia - Persian Empire
  Capital: Tehran
•  Peru - Peruvian Republic
  Capital: Lima
• Portugal - Portuguese Republic
  Capital: Lisbon

R

•  Romania - Kingdom of Romania
  Capital: Bucharest
•  Russia - Russian Empire
  Capital: St. Petersburg

S

•  San Marino - Most Serene Republic of San Marino
  Capital: San Marino
•  Serbia - Kingdom of Serbia
  Capital: Belgrade
•  Siam - Kingdom of Siam
  Capital: Bangkok
• Spain - Kingdom of Spain
  Capital: Madrid
• Sulu - Sultanate of Sulu
  Capital: Jolo
•  Sweden - Kingdom of Sweden
  Capital: Stockholm
•   Switzerland - Swiss Confederation
  Capital: Bern

T

•  Turkey - Sublime Ottoman State
  Capital: Constantinople

U

•  United Kingdom - United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
  Capital: London
•  United States - United States of America
  Capital: Washington, D.C.
•  Uruguay - Eastern Republic of Uruguay
  Capital: Montevideo

V

•  Venezuela - United States of Venezuela
  Capital: Caracas

Other states

Autonomous but still dependent from the United Kingdom

•  Australia - Commonwealth of Australia
  Capital: Canberra
•  Canada - Dominion of Canada
  Capital: Ottawa
•  Newfoundland - Dominion of Newfoundland
  Capital: St. John's
• New Zealand - Dominion of New Zealand
  Capital: Wellington
•  South Africa - Union of South Africa
  Capital: Pretoria

Autonomous but still dependent from China

• Mongolia
  Capital: Niislel Khüree
•  Tibet
  Capital: Lhasa

Under provisional government

• Autonomous Republic of Northern Epirus
  • self declared independence (from February 28)
  • recognized autonomous inside the Principality of Albania (from March 17 to October 27)

De jure sovereign state under European protectorate

•  Morocco - Sultanate of Morocco (de jure sovereign state under French and Spanish protectorate)^[1][2]
  • French Morocco (Protectorate)
    Capital: Rabat
  • Spanish zone of influence in Morocco (Protectorate)
    Capital: Tétouan

Non-Sovereign Territories

Australia

• Norfolk Island - Territory of Norfolk Island (External territory)
  Capital: Kingston
•  Papua - Territory of Papua (External territory)
  Capital: Canberra

Austria-Hungary

• Tientsin (Concession)

Belgium

•  Belgian Congo (Colony)
  Capital: Léopoldville (Leopoldstad)
• Tientsin (Concession)

Condominiums

• Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (Anglo-Egyptian condominium)
  Capital: Khartoum
• Bosnia and Herzegovina (Austro-Hungarian condominium)
  Capital: Sarajevo
• New Hebrides (Anglo-French condominium)
  Capital: Port Vila

Denmark

• Danish West Indies (Colony)
  Capital: Charlotte Amalie, United States Virgin Islands
• Greenland (Colony)
  Capital: Godthåb
•  Iceland (Dependency)
  Capital: Reykjavík

France

• Comoros (to February 23)^[3] (Protectorate)
  Capital: Moroni, Comoros
•  French Equatorial Africa (Federation of colonies)
  Capital: Brazzaville
•  French Guiana (Colony)
  Capital: Cayenne
• French India - French Establishments in India (Colony)
  Capital: Pondichéry
•  French Indochina (Federation of colonies)
  Capital: Hanoi
• French Oceania - Settlements in Oceania (Colony)
  Capital: Papeete
•  French Somaliland (Colony)
  Capital: Djibouti
•  French West Africa (Federation of colonies)
  Capital: Dakar
•  Guadeloupe (Colony)
  Capital: Basse-Terre
• Madagascar (includes Comoros from February 23) (Colony)
  Capital: Tananarive
•  Martinique (Colony)
  Capital: Fort-de-France
•  New Caledonia (Colony)
  Capital: Nouméa
•  Réunion (Colony)
  Capital: Saint-Denis
• Saint Pierre and Miquelon (Colony)
  Capital: Saint-Pierre
• Shanghai (Concession)
• Tientsin (Concession)
• Tunisia - Tunisian Realm (Protectorate)
  Capital: Tunis
• Wallis and Futuna - Protectorate of the Wallis and Futuna Islands (Protectorate)
  Capital: Mata-Utu

Germany

•  German East Africa (Colony)
  Capital: Dar es Salaam
• German Kiautschou (Concession, to November 7)
  Capital: Tsingtao
•  German New Guinea (Protectorate)
  Capital: Rabaul
• German Samoa (Protectorate)
  Capital: Apia
• German South-West Africa (Colony)
  Capital: Windhoek
• Kamerun (Colony)
  Capital: Buea
• Tientsin (Concession)
• Togoland (Protectorate, to August 26)
  Capital: Lomé

International

• Shanghai - Shanghai International Settlement (International concession)

Italy

• Eritrea (Colony)
  Capital: Asmara
• Italian North Africa (Colony)
• Italian Somaliland (Colony)
  Capital: Mogadiscio
• Tientsin (Concession)

Japan

• Chōsen (Dependency)
  Capital: Seoul
• Karafuto - Karafuto Prefecture (Dependency)
  Capital: Toyohara
• Kwantung - Kwantung Leased Territory (Concession)
  Capital: Dalian
• Taiwan (Dependency)
  Capital: Taihoku
• Tientsin (Concession)

Mexico

• Isla de la Pasión (Uninhabited territory)

Nejd

• Asir - Emirate of Asir (Protectorate, from 1914)
  Capital: Abha

Netherlands

• Curaçao - Curaçao and Dependencies (Possession)
  Capital: Willemstad
•  Netherlands East Indies (Colony)
  Capital: Batavia, Dutch East Indies
• Netherlands Guiana (Colony)
  Capital: Paramaribo

New Zealand

• Cook Islands (Dependent territory)
  Capital: Avarua
• Niue Island (Dependent territory)
  Capital: Alofi
• Ross Dependency (Uninhabited dependent territory)
• Union Islands (Dependent territory)

Norway

• Bouvet Island (Uninhabited possession)
• Peter I Island (Uninhabited possession)
• Sverdrup Islands (Uninhabited possession)

Portugal

• Cape Verde Islands (Colony)
  Capital: Praia
• Kongo - Kingdom of Kongo (Vassal, to 1914)
  Capital: São Salvador
• Macau (Colony)
• Portuguese East Africa (Colony)
  Capital: Lourenço Marques
•  Portuguese Guinea (Colony)
  Capital: Bissau
• Portuguese India - Portuguese State of India (Colony)
  Capital: Nova Goa
•  Portuguese Timor (Colony)
  Capital: Dili
• Portuguese West Africa (Colony)
  Capital: Luanda
• São João Baptista de Ajudá - Fort of São João Baptista de Ajudá (Possession)
• São Tomé and Príncipe (Colony)
  Capital: São Tomé

Russia

• Bukhara - Emirate of Bukhara (Protectorate)
  Capital: Bukhara
• Finland - Grand Duchy of Finland (Autonomous grand duchy)
  Capital: Helsinki
• Khiva - Khanate of Khiva (Protectorate)
  Capital: Khiva
• Poland - Kingdom of Poland (Vassal and puppet state)
  Capital: Warsaw
• Tientsin (Concession)

Spain

• Annobón (Colony)
  Capital: San Antonio de Palé
• Fernando Pó (Colony)
• Río Muni (Colony)
  Capital: Bata, Equatorial Guinea
• Spanish North Africa (Possession)
•  Spanish Sahara (Possession)
  Capital: El Aaiún
• Spanish West Africa (Possession)
  Capital: Villa Cisneros

United Kingdom

• Aden - Aden Protectorate (Protectorate)
  Capital: Aden
• Afghanistan - Emirate of Afghanistan (State under Treaty of Gandamak)
  Capital: Kabul
• Ascension Island (Possession)
  Capital: Georgetown
• Bahama Islands (Crown colony)
  Capital: Nassau
• Bahrain - State of Bahrain (Protectorate)
  Capital: Manama
• Baker Island (Uninhabited possession)
•  Barbados (Crown colony)
  Capital: Bridgetown
• Basutoland - Territory of Basutoland (Crown colony)
  Capital: Maseru
• Bechuanaland - Bechuanaland Protectorate (Protectorate)
  Capital: Mafeking
• Bermuda (Crown colony)
  Capital: Hamilton
•   Bhutan - Kingdom of Bhutan (Independent state under Treaty of Punakha)
  Capital: Thimphu
• British East Africa - British East Africa Protectorate (Protectorate)
  Capital: Nairobi
• British Guiana (Colony)
  Capital: Georgetown
•  British Honduras (Crown colony)
  Capital: Belize Town
• British Leeward Islands - Federal Colony of the Leeward Islands (Crown colony)
  Capital: St. John's
• British Somaliland (Crown colony)
  Capital: Hargeisa
• British Western Pacific Territories (Crown colony)
  Capital: Suva
• British Windward Islands - Federal Colony of the Windward Islands (Crown colony)
  Capital: St. George's
• Brunei - State of Brunei (Protectorate)
  Capital: Bandar Seri Begawan
•  Ceylon (Crown colony)
  Capital: Sri Jayawardenapura-Kotte
• Cyprus (Crown colony)
  Capital: Nicosia
• Egypt - Sultanate of Egypt (Protectorate, from December 18)
  Capital: Cairo
• Falkland Islands (Crown colony)
  Capital: Stanley
• Federated Malay States (Protectorate)
  Capital: Kuala Lampur
• Gambia - Gambia Colony and Protectorate (Crown colony and protectorate)
  Capital: Banjul
• Gibraltar (Crown colony)
  Capital: Gibraltar
•  Gold Coast (Crown colony)
  Capital: Accra
• Graham Land (Uninhabited possession)
• Guernsey - Bailiwick of Guernsey (Crown dependency)
  Capital: Saint Peter Port
• Heard Island and McDonald Islands (Uninhabited possession)
•  Hong Kong (Crown colony)
  Capital: Hong Kong
•  India - Indian Empire (Crown colony)
  Capital: New Delhi
•  Isle of Man (Crown dependency)
  Capital: Douglas
•  Jamaica (Crown colony)
  Capital: Kingston
• Jarvis Island (Uninhabited possession)
•  Jersey - Bailiwick of Jersey (Crown dependency)
  Capital: Saint Helier
•  Johor - State of Johor Darul Ta'zim (Protectorate, from 1914)
  Capital: Johor Bahru (administrative), Pasir Pelangi (royal)
•  Kedah - State of Kedah Darul Aman (Protectorate)
  Capital: Alor Setar
•  Kelantan - State of Kelantan Darul Naim (Protectorate)
  Capital: Kota Bharu
• Kuwait - State of Kuwait (Protectorate)
  Capital: Kuwait City
• Lagos Colony (Colony, to January 1)
  Capital: Lagos
• Maldive Islands - Sultanate of the Maldive Islands (Protectorate)
  Capital: Malé
• Malta (Crown colony)
  Capital: Valletta
• Mauritius (Crown colony)
  Capital: Port Louis
• Muscat and Oman - Sultanate of Muscat and Oman (State under the informal protection)
  Capital: Muscat
• Nepal - Kingdom of Nepal (Protectorate)
  Capital: Kathmandu
• Nigeria - Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria (Crown colony and protectorate)
  Capital: Abuja
•  North Borneo (Protectorate)
  Capital: Jesselton
• Northern Nigeria - British Northern Nigeria Protectorate (Protectorate, to January 1)
• Northern Rhodesia - Protectorate of Northern Rhodesia (Colony)
  Capital: Lusaka
•  Nyasaland - Nyasaland Protectorate (Protectorate)
  Capital: Zomba, Malawi
•  Perlis - State of Perlis Indera Kayangan (Protectorate)
  Capital: Kangar (administrative), Arau (royal)
• Phoenix Islands (Colony)
• Pitcairn Islands (Colony)
  Capital: Adamstown, Pitcairn Islands
• Saint Helena (Crown colony)
  Capital: Jamestown
•  Sarawak - Kingdom of Sarawak (Protectorate)
  Capital: Kuching
• Seychelles (Crown colony)
  Capital: Victoria
• Sierra Leone - Sierra Leone Colony and Protectorate (Crown colony and protectorate)
  Capital: Freetown
• South Orkney Islands (Uninhabited possession)
• South Shetland Islands (Uninhabited possession)
• Southern Nigeria - British Southern Nigeria Protectorate (Protectorate, to January 1)
• Southern Rhodesia - Colony of Southern Rhodesia (Colony)
  Capital: Salisbury
•  Straits Settlements (Crown colony)
  Capital: Singapore
• Suez Canal Zone (Crown colony)
• Swaziland - Swaziland Protectorate (Protectorate)
  Capital: Mbabane (administrative), Lobamba (legislative)
• Terengganu - State of Terengganu Darul Iman (Protectorate)
  Capital: Kuala Terengganu
•  Trinidad and Tobago (Crown colony)
  Capital: Port of Spain
• Tristan da Cunha (Crown colony)
  Capital: Edinburgh of the Seven Seas
• Trucial States (Protectorate)
  Capital: Abu Dhabi
• Uganda (Crown colony)
  Capital: Kampala
• Victoria Land (Uninhabited possession)
• Weihaiwei (Concession)
  Capital: Jinan
• Zanzibar - Sultanate of Zanzibar (Protectorate)
  Capital: Zanzibar City

United States

• Alaska - Alaska Territory (Territory)
  Capital: Juneau
• American Samoa - Territory of American Samoa (Territory)
  Capital: Pago Pago
• Bajo Nuevo Bank (Uninhabited territory)
• Cuba Protectorate
• Guam - Territory of Guam (Territory)
  Capital: Agana
• Hawaii - Territory of Hawaii (Territory)
  Capital: Honolulu
• Howland Island (Uninhabited territory)
• Johnston Atoll (Uninhabited territory)
• Kingman Reef (Uninhabited territory)
• Middlebrook Island (Uninhabited territory)
• Midway Atoll (Uninhabited territory)
• Nicaragua Occupied by U.S. Marines
• Navassa Island (Uninhabited territory)
•  Panama Canal Zone (Territory)
  Capital: Balboa, Panama
• Philippine Islands (Territory)
  Capital: Manila
•  Puerto Rico (Territory)
  Capital: San Juan
• Quita Sueño Bank (Uninhabited territory)
• Roncador Bank (Uninhabited territory)
• Serrana Bank (Uninhabited territory)
• Serranilla Bank (Uninhabited territory)
• Swan Islands (Uninhabited territory)
• Wake Island (Uninhabited territory)

References

1. ↑ International Law: Achievements and Prospects, p. 51, at Google Books
2. ↑ Repertory of Decisions of the International Court of Justice (1947–1992), p. 453, at Google Books
3. ↑ http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Comoros.html