United States Senate elections, 1942

November 3, 1942^[1]

34 of the 96 seats in the United States Senate 49 seats needed for a majority

	Majority party	Minority party

Leader	Alben Barkley	Wallace White
Party	Democratic	Republican
Leader's seat	Kentucky	Maine
Last election	66 seats	28 seats
Seats won	58	37
Seat change	8	9
Popular vote	6,329,426	6,661,196
Percentage	46.7%	49.2%
Swing	0.8%	1.4%

	Third party

Party	Progressive
Last election	1 seat
Seats before	1
Seats won	1
Seat change

Democratic hold

Republican hold

Republican gain

Majority Leader before election

Alben Barkley
Democratic

Elected Majority Leader

Alben Barkley
Democratic

The United States Senate elections of 1942 were held November 3, 1942, midway through Franklin D. Roosevelt's third term as President. Although this election took place during World War II, the opposition Republican party made major gains, taking eight seats from the Democrats and one from an independent. Various commentators have ascribed this to anger with the administration over Pearl Harbor, general irritation with the conditions of wartime, or the defeat of weak Democratic incumbents from the 1936 election. The Democrats nonetheless retained a significant majority.

Gains and losses

Republicans captured open seats in Delaware, South Dakota, and West Virginia.

They also defeated the sole Independent incumbent, George W. Norris of Nebraska, as well as five Democratic incumbents:

Change in Senate composition

Senate composition before the elections

D₅₈	D₅₇	D₅₆	D₅₅	D₅₄	D₅₃	D₅₂	D₅₁	D₅₀	D₄₉
		D₁	D₂	D₃	D₄	D₅	D₆	D₇	D₈
D₁₈	D₁₇	D₁₆	D₁₅	D₁₄	D₁₃	D₁₂	D₁₁	D₁₀	D₉
D₁₉	D₂₀	D₂₁	D₂₂	D₂₃	D₂₄	D₂₅	D₂₆	D₂₇	D₂₈
D₃₈	D₃₇	D₃₆	D₃₅	D₃₄	D₃₃	D₃₂	D₃₁	D₃₀	D₂₉
D₃₉	D₄₀	D₄₁	D₄₂	D₄₃	D₄₄	D₄₅	D₄₆	D₄₇	D₄₈
Majority →
D₅₉	D₆₀	D₆₁	D₆₂	D₆₃	D₆₄	D₆₅	D₆₆	I₁	R₂₈
R₁₈	R₁₉	R₂₀	R₂₁	R₂₂	R₂₃	R₂₄	R₂₅	R₂₆	R₂₇
R₁₇	R₁₆	R₁₅	R₁₄	R₁₃	R₁₂	R₁₁	R₁₀	R₉	R₈
		P₁	R₁	R₂	R₃	R₄	R₅	R₆	R₇

After the elections

D₅₈O	D₅₇O	D₅₆O	D₅₅√	D₅₄√	D₅₃√	D₅₂√	D₅₁√	D₅₀√	D₄₉√
		D₁	D₂	D₃	D₄	D₅	D₆	D₇	D₈
D₁₈	D₁₇	D₁₆	D₁₅	D₁₄	D₁₃	D₁₂	D₁₁	D₁₀	D₉
D₁₉	D₂₀	D₂₁	D₂₂	D₂₃	D₂₄	D₂₅	D₂₆	D₂₇	D₂₈
D₃₈	D₃₇	D₃₆	D₃₅	D₃₄	D₃₃	D₃₂	D₃₁	D₃₀	D₂₉
D₃₉	D₄₀	D₄₁	D₄₂	D₄₃√	D₄₄√	D₄₅√	D₄₆√	D₄₇√	D₄₈√
Majority →
R₃₇+	R₃₆+	R₃₅+	R₃₄+	R₃₃+	R₃₂+	R₃₁+	R₃₀+	R₂₉+	R₂₈+
R₁₈	R₁₉	R₂₀√	R₂₁√	R₂₂√	R₂₃√	R₂₄√	R₂₅√	R₂₆√	R₂₇O
R₁₇	R₁₆	R₁₅	R₁₄	R₁₃	R₁₂	R₁₁	R₁₀	R₉	R₈
		P₁	R₁	R₂	R₃	R₄	R₅	R₆	R₇

Key:

D	Democratic
P	Progressive
R	Republican
I	Independent

√	Incumbent re-elected or appointee elected
O	Party hold: New senator elected from same party
+	Party gain: New senator elected from different party
No tag	Seat not up for election this time

Complete list of races

Bold states link to specific election articles.

Special elections during the preceding Congress

In these special elections, the winners were seated during 1942; ordered by election date.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
State	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Results	Candidates
West Virginia Class 2	Joseph Rosier	Democratic	1941 (Appointed)	Appointee lost election to finish term. Winner elected November 3, 1942 and qualified November 17, 1942.^[2] Neither candidate ran in the contemporaneous election for the next term, see below. Republican gain.	√ Hugh Shott (Republican) 52.3% Joseph Rosier (Democratic) 47.7%
Colorado Class 3	Eugene D. Millikin	Republican	[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]	Appointee elected to finish term. Winner elected November 3, 1942.	√ Eugene D. Millikin (Republican) 56.1% James A. Marsh (Democratic) 42.1%
Nevada Class 1	Berkeley L. Bunker	Democratic	[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]	Appointee lost nomination to finish term. Winner elected November 3, 1942 and qualified December 7, 1942.^[3] Democratic hold.	√ James G. Scrugham (Democratic) 58.7% Cecil W. Creel (Republican) 41.3%

Races leading to the 78th Congress

State	Incumbent	Party	Results	Candidates
Alabama	John H. Bankhead II	Democratic	Incumbent re-elected.	√ John H. Bankhead II (Democratic), unopposed
Arkansas	George L. Spencer	Democratic	Retired. Democratic hold.	√ John L. McClellan (Democratic), unopposed
Colorado	Edwin C. Johnson	Democratic	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Edwin C. Johnson (Democratic) 50.2% Ralph L. Carr (Republican) 49.2%
Delaware	James H. Hughes	Democratic	Lost renomination. Republican gain.	√ Clayton D. Buck (Republican) 54.2% E. Ennalls Berl (Democratic) 44.9%
Georgia	Richard Russell, Jr.	Democratic	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Richard Russell, Jr. (Democratic), unopposed
Idaho	John Thomas	Republican	Incumbent re-elected.	√ John Thomas (Republican) 51.5% Glen H. Taylor (Democratic) 48.5%
Illinois	C. Wayland Brooks	Republican	Incumbent re-elected.	√ C. Wayland Brooks (Republican) 53.2% Raymond S. McKeough (Democratic) 46.4%
Iowa	Clyde L. Herring	Democratic	Incumbent Lost re-election. Republican gain.	√ George A. Wilson (Republican) 58.0% Clyde L. Herring (Democratic) 41.7%
Kansas	Arthur Capper	Republican	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Arthur Capper (Republican) 57.1% George McGill (Democratic) 40.3%
Kentucky	Happy Chandler	Democratic	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Happy Chandler (Democratic) 55.3% Richard J. Colbert (Republican) 44.7%
Louisiana	Allen J. Ellender	Democratic	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Allen J. Ellender (Democratic), unopposed
Maine	Wallace H. White, Jr.	Republican	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Wallace H. White, Jr. (Republican) 66.7% Fulton J. Redman (Democratic) 33.3%
Massachusetts	Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr.	Republican	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr. (Republican) 52.4% Joseph E. Casey (Democratic) 46.6%
Michigan	Prentiss M. Brown	Democratic	Lost re-election. Republican gain.	√ Homer Ferguson (Republican) 49.6% Prentiss M. Brown (Democratic) 47.2%
Minnesota	Arthur E. Nelson	Republican	Retired. Republican hold.	√ Joseph H. Ball (Republican) 47.0% Elmer Austin Benson (Farmer-Labor) 28.2% Martin A. Nelson (Independent) 14.4% Ed Murphy (Democratic) 10.4%
Mississippi	Wall Doxey	Democratic	Lost renomination. Democratic hold.	√ James O. Eastland (Democratic), unopposed
Montana	James E. Murray	Democratic	Incumbent re-elected.	√ James E. Murray (Democratic) 49.1% Wellington D. Rankin (Republican) 48.4%
Nebraska	George W. Norris	Independent	Lost re-election. Republican gain.	√ Kenneth S. Wherry (Republican) 49.0% George W. Norris (Independent) 28.6% Foster May (Democratic) 22.0%
New Hampshire	Styles Bridges	Republican	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Styles Bridges (Republican) 54.6% Francis P. Murphy (Democratic) 45.4%
New Jersey	William H. Smathers	Democratic	Lost re-election. Republican gain.	√ Albert W. Hawkes (Republican) 53.1% William H. Smathers (Democratic) 45.8%
New Mexico	Carl A. Hatch	Democratic	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Carl A. Hatch (Democratic) 59.2% J. Benson Newell (Republican) 40.8%
North Carolina	Josiah W. Bailey	Democratic	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Josiah W. Bailey (Democratic) 65.9% Sam J. Morris (Republican) 34.1%
Oklahoma	Josh Lee	Democratic	Lost re-election. Republican gain.	√ Edward H. Moore (Republican) 54.8% Josh Lee (Democratic) 44.8%
Oregon	Charles L. McNary	Republican	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Charles L. McNary (Republican) 77.1% Walter W. Whitbeck (Democratic) 22.9%
Rhode Island	Theodore F. Green	Democratic	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Theodore F. Green (Democratic) 58.0% Ira Lloyd Letts (Republican) 42.0%
South Carolina	Burnet R. Maybank	Democratic	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Burnet R. Maybank (Democratic), unopposed
South Dakota	William J. Bulow	Democratic	Lost renomination. Republican gain.	√ Harlan J. Bushfield (Republican) Tom Berry (Democratic) 41.3%
Tennessee	A. Tom Stewart	Democratic	Incumbent re-elected.	√ A. Tom Stewart (Democratic) 70.5% F. Todd Meacham (Republican) 21.5%
Texas	W. Lee O'Daniel	Democratic	Incumbent re-elected.	√ W. Lee O'Daniel (Democratic) 94.9%
Virginia	Carter Glass	Democratic	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Carter Glass (Democratic) 91.1% Lawrence S. Wilkes (Socialist) 6.5%
West Virginia	Joseph Rosier	Democratic	Retired. Republican gain.	√ Chapman Revercomb (Republican) 55.4% Matthew M. Neely (Democratic) 44.6%
Wyoming	Henry H. Schwartz	Democratic	Lost re-election. Republican gain.	√ Edward V. Robertson (Republican) 54.6% Henry H. Schwartz (Democratic) 45.4%

References

↑ September 14, 1942 in Maine
↑ "WV US Senate - Special". Our Campaigns. June 19, 2004. Retrieved April 9, 2015.
↑ "NV US Senate - Special". Our Campaigns. August 2, 2003. Retrieved April 9, 2015.

United States Senate elections

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